If you look at the Windows Event Viewer, you will find a more detailed error detail (hopefully) referencing an FDC file in:
C:\ProgramData\IBM\MQ\qmgrs\[QM name]\errors
Look at the file header of the FDC; in my case, the problem was a "file access denied":

Looking carefully you can find more detailed information below:

Filename of stanza file passed to fopen: C:\ProgramData\IBM\MQ\qmgrs\LOCAL_QM\qmstatus.ini. strerror from fopen: Permission denied.